Maritime transport contributes significantly to environmental pollution. The Mediterranean Sea Area is particularly affected by marine emissions from particulate matter, black carbon, nitrogen oxides and sulphur oxides. In addition to international and crossing traffic, the Mediterranean Sea is...

The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of the quality of the Romanian governance process on the trade with EU countries between 2007 and 2018 using an augmented gravity model. The panel data method was used in order to cope with heteroskedasticity. The sample covers 12 years and includes...

This paper takes a first look at the trade effects of China's Belt and Road Initiative, also referred to as the New Silk Road, on the 71 countries potentially involved. The initiative consists of several infrastructure investment projects to improve the land and maritime transportation in the...

In light of Kazakhstan's interest to join the World Trade Organization (WTO), this paper investigates the impact of the WTO accession on trade flows by using a standard gravity model. It argues that accession to the WTO involves a short run benefit from further reducing tariff and non-tariff...

We move beyond the nation-state as the unit of analysis and use subnational spatial variation to study the effect of the institutional environment on international trade. Additionally, we address the heterogeneous effect of trade agreements on different regions within a country. Employing a...