After 2010, the consumer price index fell to a low level in the EU. In the euro area, it remained low between 2010 and 2020. The European Central Bank has even had to take action against the emergence of deflation. The situation changed significantly in 2021. Inflation jumped to levels not seen...

An Autoencoder (AE) is an independent feature extractor from data samples and a deep network can be obtained by stacking several AEs. This paper presents a novel hybrid stacked Autoencoder-based Deep Kernel-based Random Vector Functional Link Network (DKRVFLN-AE) for forecasting and trend...