Part of the present inflation is caused by the breakdown of globalization, in particular supply chains, part is caused … the past and in the presence. This paper attributes inflation decisively to the overwhelming money creation by the …

designed. At the time, the main concern of the Governing Council was to anchor inflation at low levels in face of the … low-inflation environment has created the concrete risk of de-anchoring of longer-term inflation expectations. Addressing … low inflation is different from addressing high inflation. The ability of the ECB (and central banks globally) to provide …

differ in their "lower-for-longer" commitment as well as policymaker preferences regarding inflation and output volatility … strategies would call for anticipated timing of the start of the hiking cycle: earlier tightening would prevent inflation from … peaking at 10%, but the forceful tightening since 2022:Q3 prevented higher inflation from becoming entrenched. However, once …

This paper investigates the impact of ECB communication of its assessment of the economic outlook on ex-ante inflation … forecasts of inflation) but also makes forecasters less uncertain about their own beliefs, thus reducing ex-ante average … individual uncertainty. By combining and exploiting these types of ex-ante inflation uncertainty, results suggest that central …

volume, an early exit, and a faster exit from the program on output and inflation in the euro area. Model simulations showed … that economic growth and inflation rates would decrease in all three scenarios. However, the effects of the scenario with … particular, an early exit from the program should significantly affect inflation rates, an effect that the European Central Bank …

inflation and inflation expectations in the euro area. It is part of a broader project coordinated by Bernanke and Blanchard to … provide a unified framework for analysing and comparing global inflation dynamics across the major world economic areas … conducts an empirical assessment of how euro area price inflation responds to various exogenous shocks. This includes …

, financial, and political arenas. Apart from the eurozone crisis and global monetary policy issues, for nearly two years all else … divergence and political and social discord across member-states. Given the scale and scope of the eurozone crisis, policy and … become more homogenized, synchronized, and directionally clear than at any time since early 2009. -- Eurozone ; Monetary …