Land and urban management techniques in geopolitical conflict zones are globally associated with significant challenges, in which the built environment and their associated lands usually suffer from lack of essential elements, including, but not limited to, ownership status, accessibilities,...

The paper analyses the evolution of the trade specialisation pattern in the ten countries which will join the EU in 2004, by studying the dynamics of their comparative advantages over the period 1993-2000. The study finds that, although some countries are still broadly relying on natural...