’s soccer videos higher when the gender of the players is visible. These findings reveal a bias in the evaluation of men’s and …

and the impartiality of its adjudicators. Yet compared to other international tribunals, WTO members exert considerable … national bias looking across the board. Yet we do find evidence of bias for AB chairs, suggesting that when adjudicators are … tweaks in institutional design increase political pressure on adjudicators, in ways that threaten impartiality. This holds …

reasons: Many empirical studies employ analysts' consensus forecasts as a proxy for the market's expectations of future … well-known phenomenon, namely the existence of a positive bias in experts' anticipations: the latter tend to over …-estimate earnings. In this paper, we study the properties of this bias according to various aspects, that is to say according to country …

reasons: Many empirical studies employ analysts' consensus forecasts as a proxy for the market's expectations of future … well-known phenomenon, namely the existence of a positive bias in experts' anticipations: the latter tend to over …-estimate earnings. In this paper, we study the properties of this bias according to various aspects, that is to say according to country …

, conduct and reporting to exaggerated estimates of treatment effects. Using a few consensus documents on these issues from the … medical literature, we design a tool to evaluate adequacy of reporting and risk of bias in RCT reports. We then use this tool …

We characterize the bias of propensity score based estimators of common average treatment effect parameters in the case …