Identifies to what extent, and in which way external shocks and the need for a different development pattern has affected economic growth in for Eastern European countries.

Covers the period from 1975 to 1990 and gives projections to the year 2000. Focuses on two segments of the footwear industry: the production of women's leather footwear and sports footwear. The study is supplemented by an interview survey conducted in eight of the largest export firms.

Analyzes the banana industry crisis and its labour related effects. Highlights the continuing importance of the banana industry to the region.

ILO pub-WEP pub. Working paper on the effects of petroleum price increases on employment and income distribution in the Sudan - gives economic forecasts up to 1990; examines gross domestic product, economic conditions, indigenous energy sources, power consumption, world price changes, balance of...

Covers trends in the 1980s and 1990s. Includes case studies of social and labour policies in eight companies.

ILO pub-WEP pub. Literature survey of the economic implications and social implications of rural area electrification in developing countries and its role in rural development - deals with power generation, power consumption, use and cost benefit analysis of electricity and its impact on...

ILO pub-WEP pub. Working paper on energy economics relating to fuelwood-based fuel saving stoves and the diffusion of related appropriate choice of technology in developing countries - discusses current manufacturing methods, technical aspects, maintenance issues, need for low-cost product...

ILO pub. Working paper on urban area poverty and essential services in marginal suburbs (slums) of Guayaquil, Ecuador - describes social implications of rural migration, obstacles to adequate housing and health services, and development of illegal squatter human settlements with no access to...