In this teaching note we show that using the findings of Tham and Velez-Pareja 2002, for finite cash flows, Ke and hence WACC depend on the discount rate that is used to value the tax shield, TS and as expected, Ke and WACC are not constant with Kd as the discount rate for the tax shield, even...

A typical approach for valuing finite cash flows is to assume that leverage is constant (usually as target leverage) and the cost of equity, Ke and the Weighted Average Cost of Capital, WACC are also assumed to be constant. For cash flows in perpetuity, and with the cost of debt, Kd as the...

We discuss some ideas useful when forecasting financial statements that are based on historical data.The chapter is organized as follows: First we discuss the relevance of prospective analysis for non traded firms. In a second section we a basic reviews of subjects that will be needed for...

It is widely known that if the leverage is constant over time, then the cost of equity and the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) for the free cash flow, FCF, is constant over time. In other words, it is inappropriate to use a constant WACCFCF to discount the free cash flow (FCF) if the...

In the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) applied to the free cash flow (FCF), we assume that the cost of debt is the market, unsubsidized rate. With debt at the market rate and perfect capital markets, debt only creates value in the presence of taxes through the tax shield. In some cases,...

Vélez-Pareja and Tham, 2003a, Vélez-Pareja and Tham, 2003b and Tham and Vélez-Pareja, 2004 showed the matching between discounted cash flow (DCF) methods and value added methods. They departed from the net operating profit less adjusted taxes NOPLAT and net income when using market values to...

In “Consistency in Chocolate: A Fresh Look at Copeland’s Hershey Foods & Co Case” we showed the inconsistencies regarding the assumption of constant leverage and the inconsistency in the values for equity calculated with different approaches. In this second part we show the differences in...

En Vélez-Pareja y Tham (2001), presentamos diferentes maneras de valorar los flujos de caja. Primero se utilizó el costo promedio ponderado de capital (CPPC) (Weighted Average Cost of Capital, WACC) para descontar el flujo de caja libre (FCL). Segundo, se descontó el FCL con el WACC ajustado....

In this work we show a simplified financial planning model. In reality, financial planning models are huge and cumbersome. This is a very simplified model compared with what is found in practice.We present some basic principles for constructing the financial statements needed for valuation. We...

In this teaching note the reader finds a simplified financial model. In reality, financial models are huge and cumbersome. What we present is very simplified model in comparison to what is found in practice. We indicate the formulas that have to be utilized in the construction of the financial...