Arctic oil extraction is inconsistent with the 2°C target. We study unilateral strategies by climate-concerned Arctic countries to deter extraction by others. Contradicting common theoretical assumptions about climate-change mitigation, our setting is one where countries may fundamentally...

Energy security is recognized as a key element for the successful functioning of an entire energy system. However, the perception of energy security is contextual and there is no universally accepted definition of the concept. The current global concerns about climate change, human welfare and...

The interrelationship between economic growth, efficient use of natural resources, and sustainability has been of great interest to economists, researchers and policy makers. Knowledge of actual causality direction between sustainability, efficiency and growth has important implications for...