Aggregate wage earnings are one of the key variables of the German economy. Paradoxically, it is also a little known variable, especially in the long term. Historians have never devoted a synthesis to the subject and, among all the economists who have centred their work on the study of economic...

This paper presents a cliometric application of fractional integrated processes to socio-economic time series for France and Germany in the 19th and 20th centuries. The analysis leads to a significant result: no short or long term cycle appears as the dominant constituent.

This article assesses the nexus between (components of) population and economic development from cliometric perspective. Based on stationary assumption, Kelley and Schmidt (hereafter KS, 1995) while showed that only demographic variables render robust explanation of economic growth, KS(2001)...

The development of education (essentially primary schooling) has been considered since the beginning of the nineteenth century as a major process and notably characteristic of developed capitalist societies. This being so, in spite of abundant literature devoted to this extremely delicate...

Much of the economic growth literature has focused on the contribution of human capital to national development. Two assumptions have remained largely unexamined: (I) economic stability results from economic growth, and (II) investments in human capital result in economic growth (ceteris...

This paper aims to study, in the most recent historical time period, the efficiency of the Paris Stock Exchange market. We test its weak form while analysing the stock exchange returns series by nonparametric methods, using kernel methodology in particular. In doing so, our approach extends the...