Germany was divided after World War II, many firms in the machine tool industry fled the Soviet occupied zone to prevent … expropriation. We show that the regional location decisions of these firms upon moving to western Germany were driven by non … effects are due to increased competition for local resources. …

Germany was divided after World War II, many firms in the machine tool industry fled the Soviet occupied zone to prevent … expropriation. We show that the regional location decisions of these firms upon moving to western Germany were driven by non … effects are due to increased competition for local resources. …

Germany was divided after World War II, many firms in the machine tool industry fled the Soviet occupied zone to prevent … expropriation. We show that the regional location decisions of these firms upon moving to western Germany were driven by non … effects are due to increased competition for local resourc es. …

addressed by alternative theories. In this survey, we focus on four important aspects, namely: (i) the role of competition and …

We show theoretically that a proportional R&D subsidy accelerates innovation activity at all degrees of competition in … the modern Schumpeterian growth model, but less so at high degrees of competition. We then use company-level data on … patenting activity, product market competition and R&D subsidies of Finnish firms during 1990–2001 to test the theoretical …

broadband infrastructure in rural areas of Germany. Such subsidies are subject to state aid control by the European Commission … subsidies complied with EU state aid rules, both in terms of effectiveness and competition. …

identify the causal price effects, we compare the development of prices in Germany to those in Austria. Our findings indicate … competition. Pass-through of the VAT reduction was higher in product groups with a large number of competing products. We …

On 1 July 2020, value added tax (VAT) rates were reduced in Germany to fight the economic consequences of the Corona … Germany to those in Austria. Our findings indicate a nearly full pass-through of the VAT rate reduction on prices. On average …