Despite record economic growth in the decade that followed the fall of the Taliban regime, poverty remained stubbornly … high in Afghanistan, and especially so in regions that suffered less from conflict. This paper aims to explain this puzzle … by combining a model of conflict intensity at the province level in 2007−14 with a model of consumption at the household …

Despite record economic growth in the decade that followed the fall of the Taliban regime, poverty remained stubbornly … high in Afghanistan, and especially so in regions that suffered less from conflict. This paper aims to explain this puzzle … by combining a model of conflict intensity at the province level in 2007−14 with a model of consumption at the …

, one in three persons living in poverty today might not be poor had it not been for the conflict. …Conflicts and political instability have been serious constraints to growth in Guinea-Bissau. Of special concern was … estimates that GDP per capita today could have been more than 40 percent higher if there had been no conflict in 1998. In turn …

Macroeconomic costs of conflict are generally very large, with GDP per capita about 28 percent lower ten years after … conflict onset. This is overwhelmingly driven by private consumption, which falls by 25 percent ten years after conflict onset …. Conflict is also associated with dramatic declines in official trade, with exports (imports) estimated to be 58 (34) percent …

conflict, while studies on the pro-peace effects of religious factors are largely missing. Methodological challenges relate to …

some measure of growth and stability, depth thrives on ‘accumulation through crisis.’ The past twenty years were dominated …

significantly, every “energy conflict” since the late 1960s was preceded by adverse drops in the differential rate of the large oil … for the arms contractors. Left unresolved, these predicaments could eventually culminate in a new “energy conflict.” …