information conditions, where cheating is less obvious, punishment is much less effective in enforcing cooperation. Evidently, the …Explaining human cooperation in large groups of non-kin is a major challenge to both rational choice theory and the … theory of evolution. Recent research suggests that group cooperation can be explained by positing that cooperators can punish …

cooperation flourish, and withholding punishment makes cooperation collapse. In less cooperative social environments, where … antisocial punishment has been detected, punishment was detrimental to cooperation. The success of punishment in enhancing … punishing them, whereas in environments in which punishment diminished cooperation, antisocial punishment was explained as …

to guide subjects' cooperation and punishment choices, including the virtually complete removal of antisocial punishment … systems exist that avoid these costs and whether other, more centralized, punishment systems are superior and will be … preferred by the people. Here, we show that welfare-enhancing peer sanctioning without much need for costly punishment emerges …

to guide subjects' cooperation and punishment choices, including the virtually complete removal of antisocial punishment … preferred by the people. Here, we show that welfare-enhancing peer sanctioning without much need for costly punishment emerges …. The exogenous removal of the norm consensus opportunity reduces the efficiency of peer punishment and renders centralized …

Peer punishment is widely lauded as a decentralized solution to the problem of social cooperation. However … punishment was primarily altruistic, was sensitive to costs, and promoted cooperation. In generalized exchange, peer punishment … was also altruistic and relatively frequent, but did not increase cooperation. While the dense punishment network …