with deterrence and one without. We find a peer effect in embezzlement in that facing an honest Official A reduces … embezzlement by Official B. Likewise, deterrence matters in that higher detection probabilities significantly decrease embezzlement … Official A at almost all individual detection levels. This 'legitimacy' effect may help explain why anti-corruption policies …

with deterrence and one without. We find a peer effect in embezzlement in that facing an honest Official A reduces … embezzlement by Official B. Likewise, deterrence matters in that higher detection probabilities significantly decrease embezzlement … Official A at almost all individual detection levels. This 'legitimacy' effect may help explain why anti-corruption policies …

economy is also a¤ected by the di¤usion of corruption, its impact depending upon the cost of detecting a bribe agreement. When …

in corruption to avoid punishment. When law enforcers are sufficiently well-paid, difficult to bribe and corruption … crime rates. In particular, the relationship between the traditional instruments of deterrence, namely intensification of … organized crime to corruption, and ensuing impunity leads to higher rather than lower crime. …

fraud, or corruption - that share with cartels the crucial features that well designed leniency and whistleblower programs …

We perform a Meta-Regression Analysis (MRA) of the literature on government size and corruption, examining 450 …-sectional data. Moreover, the type of indicator used to measure corruption has a significant impact on the sign of the relationship … significant results, whereas we find a positive relationship between the countries' corruption index and the effect size. …

This paper examines the relationship between corruption and public debt in 106 countries. Results suggest that … corruption leads to an increase in public debt. We also investigate if the effect of corruption on pblic debt is increased by … government expenditure, the shadow economy and military expenditure. We find that the effect of corruption on public debt is …

enforcement against corruption and organized crime in local governments. Specifically, I take advantage of an Italian law that …

corruption. On the one hand, if we assume that the goal of criminals involved in corruption is to minimize the probability of … being detected, then corruption represents a demand for money laundering (trigger effect), while money laundering can serve … as an effective way to clean the revenue from corruption for re-investment (multiplier effect). On the other hand …

truthful and fraudulent. Fraudulent claims dilute prosecutors' incentives to investigate, and thereby hamper deterrence. These …