finds that introduction of product patent for pharmaceuticals in the patent law has a positive effect on launch likelihood … pharmaceuticals are launched sooner than non-innovative ones, irrespective of the patent regime in the local market. Using a panel …This WTO working paper studies availability and affordability of new and innovative pharmaceuticals in a post-TRIPS era …

. Domestic innovation is measured as citation-weighted domestic patents filed at the European Patent Office (EPO): to account for … to patent at the EPO. Results show that, in the short-run, IPR stimulate innovation. The effect for developing countries …