The global economic and financial crisis seems to have unfortunate residual effects materialised in the increase of the budget deficits and of the public debt within the European Union, situation observed mostly in the old member states. Among the major effects of the crisis we can notice more...

The analysis of IMF activity in its more than 60 years of existence highlights a difference between the primarily objectives and actual results of policies pursued. How it was at the very beginning and how is in our days? In the following paper we want to point out this major divergence...