This paper estimates the effect of exposure to terrorist violence on education. Since terrorists may choose targets … than predicted by difference-in-differences-type estimators. This indicates that terrorists target areas experiencing …

data from Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement and the Global Terrorism Database to examine the impact of the …Islamist groups in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and elsewhere have sought to remove females from public life. This paper uses … terrorism had little effect on school enrolment. High levels of exposure reduced the enrolment rate for boys by about 5 …

We examine how terrorism alters the demand for education through perceived risks and returns by relating terrorist … coverage and attacks, we establish that media access reinforces negative effects of terrorism on schooling. These effects are …. Based on these insights, we estimate a simple structural model where heterogeneous households experiencing terrorism form …