This paper analyses a model of overlapping generations in which agents who do notparticipate in the labor market are unable to borrow. Thus an increase in a fullyfunded pension raises aggregate savings even with a fixed participation rate, sinceprivate savings are not crowded out one-for-one....

This paper investigates the effects of digitalisation on firm-level employment and workforce composition in Belgium from 2003 to 2019, using a novel dataset that merges ICT expense data with administrative employment records. We find that digitalised firms experienced higher employment growth...

We analyze the impact of tourist flows on local labor markets, following a novel identification strategy that uses temporary shocks in alternative international destinations to instrument for tourism flows across Spanish regions. We find that a one standard deviation increase in tourist inflows...

The number of immigrants to Sweden has increased significantly in the last two decades. In 1990, 9 percent of the population was born abroad. Just over 60 percent of them were born in Finland, Norway and Denmark. Thirty years later, the corresponding figure of foreign born is 20 percent. The...

The pandemic has mainly affected the state of health and mortality, but has also had effects on the economy and the labor market. This article reports what happened to the total number of employees, their distribution by sectors and regions and changes in the number of employees for different...

The Covid-19 pandemic led to unprecedented disruptions in the labor market. Turkey implemented a worker dismissal ban to mitigate the adverse effects, effective from April 2020 to June 2021. The pandemic and unveiled measures put pressure against recent university graduates' successful...

It is a challenge for politics that an aging population leads to demands that the retirement age is increasing while not everyone is able to work to such a higher age. Sweden, like other countries, has several options for early exit from the labour market. However, the regulations have become...

The Canadian labour market experienced a period of unprecedented turmoil following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyze the main changes using standard labour force statistics and new data on job postings. Envisaging a phase of temporary severing of employment relationships followed by...

The world is changing its socio-economic landscape. By doing so, the phenomenon of a growing middle-class appears. Both household surveys and growth projections suggest that only about one-third of the global middle class is based in Asia. However, between 2009 and 2017, the global middle-class...

This paper provides a literature review on youth employment challenges in rural Africa. The rapidly changing demographic structure across the continent is expected to have important economic and social consequences, especially for employment. So far, despite sustained economic growth, African...