Four distributional principles for the allocation of health care resources are discussed: equal expenditures per capita, proportionality to need, proportionality to endowment health status, and proportionality to capacity to benefit. They are compared with another process, concept of equity,...

The aim of this Discussion Paper is to estimate the social costs of back pain in the UK and assess the potential for reducing these costs by increasing the appropriateness of management of back pain. 50% to 80% of the population suffer from back pain at some stage of their life. With or without...

The allocation of resources to health and social care agencies for services for people with learning disabilities has long been a source of debate and disagreement, centring around the failure of the balance of financing to reflect the increasing consensus that the overwhelming need of people...

This paper estimates the Exchequer costs of nurse training in England. Exchequer costs consist of expenditure by the state through DHSS and the NHS. These outlays are estimated for the training of both:- (i) Registered General Nurses (RGN) which requires three years' training as a General...

Has government expenditure on the National Health and Personal Social Services increased significantly in real terms over the past decade? If so, where has this growth in expenditure been utilised? This paper investigates claims of real increases in expenditure by examining trends in total...