Under common law, the standard remedy for breach of contract is expectation damages. Under continental law, the …

control sessions, incentives are formulated as a classic gain contract, while in treatment sessions, incentives are framed as … an isomorphic loss contract. Our results show that loss contracts reduce the minimum efforts of groups and worsen …

We utilize a laboratory experiment to compare effort provision under optimal tournament contracts with different … tournament contract incorporating both incentives at the top and at the bottom induces the highest effort, especially in larger …

and punishment. We test the model s predictions in a laboratory experiment and find that the combination of reward and …

We provide evidence on how two important types of institutions - dismissal barriers, and bonus pay - affect contract … negative incentive and efficiency effects of dismissal barriers. Nevertheless, contract enforcement behavior remains … market outcomes are the result of a complex interplay between contract enforcement policies and the institutions in which …