We derive and discuss a general, but simple geographical economics model with congestion, allowing us to explain the …

agglomeration externalities. We extend this model by introducing a traffic congestion externality. We show that congestion induces a … interplay between these externalities is then demonstrated, as reduced congestion leads to commercial concentration and …

significance of these responses to congestion externalities, and argue that they need to be taken into account in designing … internalization instruments. We consider labor-leisure, regional labor mobility and house price responses to congestion externalities …

may arise if they are not equally affected by congestion or have different intrinsic preferences. Whether or not, for all …

agglomeration externalities. We extend this model by introducing a traffic congestion externality. We show that congestion induces a … interplay between these externalities is then demonstrated, as reduced congestion leads to commercial concentration and …

The standard economic model for analyzing traffic congestion, due to A.A. Walters, incorporates a relationship between …

may arise if they are not equally affected by congestion or have different intrinsic preferences. Whether or not, for all …

methodology and local traffic data, costs are computed for externalities such as congestion, accidents, noise, air pollution …, greenhouse gas emissions and other social impacts. Results are in line with those for other similar European cities. Congestion …

indistinguishable, then congestion charges must be anonymous. Second, the time variation of congestion charges may be constrained. Do … if the time variation of congestion charges is unconstrained, then marginal cost pricing is feasible with anonymous … congestion charges. If, however, the time variation of congestion charges is constrained, optimal pricing with anonymous …