Accurate modeling of extremal price changes is vital to financial risk management. We examine the small sample properties of adaptive tail index estimators under the class of student-t marginal distribution functions including GARCH and propose a model-based bias-corrected estimation approach....

Accurate modeling of extreme price changes is vital to financial risk management. We examine the small sample properties of adaptive tail index estimators under the class of student-t marginal distribution functions including GARCH and propose a model-based bias-corrected estimation approach....

Post-mortems of the financial crisis typically mention "black swans" as the rare events that were the Achilles heel of financial models, manifesting themselves as "25 standard deviation events occurring several days in a row". Here, we briefly discuss the implications of "black swan" events in...