Hazans, Mihails - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2011
, informality decreases from South to West to East to North. However, dependent work without contract is more prevalent in Eastern … dependent informality rates in a country went up together, suggesting that work without contract is pro-cyclical in Europe …. Dependent informality rate is inversely related to skills (measured by either schooling or occupation). The low-educated, the …