Ideal economics? A “non-ideal” economics approach has been proposed, which considers the possibility of arrangement infringements. It gives promises for both solving fundamental problems of economic theory and creation of new directions and fields of research. The approach application in...

The definition of arrangement infringement has been given. Several characteristics of hurricanes as large-scale events and objectives for the first stages of insurance data analysis have been sketched out. Scale hypotheses, insurance and investment problems have been formulated.

This paper studies whether and how capital investment and economic freedom jointly endogenize economic growth. The results produced by White’s heteroscedasticity-consistent matrix tests on a panel data of 50 countries over 1981-2000 support the crucial role of both domestic and foreign capital...

The paper provides three principal results. First, we benchmark South African infrastructure performance in terms of access, pricing, and quality against key comparator groups of countries using the most recent World Bank benchmarking data base (2005). Second, we establish clear empirical links...

The emphasis of capital theory in recent decades has moved away from the implications of useful life as an important economic variable and has turned on the microeconomic and macroeconomic consequences of investment irreversibilities. Thus the voluminous literature that has developed ignores the...

SAVING DOES NOT EQUAL INVESTMENT John Maynard Keynes confused economists and politicians all over the world when he wrote, “Saving is necessary to equal investment” together with a few equations to confirm his idea and finally concluding that S = I. There have been repeated discussions about...

We review the changes in modelling strategy and econometric methodology when estimating a firm-level investment equation on panel data during the past twenty years, in order to assess which of these changes result from new estimation methods and changes in the practice of panel data...

The anemic U.S. economic recovery and the threat of a double-dip recession stem from the weakness of investment, due to excess capacity created in the euphoric years of the "new economy" bubble. The current imbalances in the corporate sector (i.e., the all-time-high indebtedness in the face of...

This paper analyzes the impact of different types of barriers on the decision to invest using a simple framework based on stochastic discount factors. Our intuitive approach proposes an alternative to the real options methodology that does not rely on the “smooth-pasting condition.” An...