This paper investigates the size of local authority fixed and variable costs and the extent of economies of scale and scope in the provision of local services. A flexible modelling framework is used which combines elements of both short and long run cost behaviour and allows returns to scale to...

The experience of Olongapo City in managing economic distress due to the loss of its economic anchor, the Subic Bay Naval Base, offers a rich lesson in local governance on how critical it is to plan ahead. The risk of a severe downturn, primarily due to economic dependency, can be successfully...