than input. Realism is only an issue when creatively diagnosing poorly performing models, not when judging model …. No corresponding objective scientific methods exist for evaluating realism. Realism depends only on personal taste. …

attached to the Millian tradition rather than to instrumentalism or refutationism. …

to the Millian tradition rather than to instrumentalism or refutationism. …

Enlightenment. Indeed, science undertakes a double program of Truth and Progress that is analysed in this text in the case of input …

Econometricians tend to hold simultaneously two views in tension with each other: an apparent anti-realism that holds … that all models are false and at best useful constructs or approximations to true models and an apparent realism that … Giere’s perspectival realism. Perspectival realism can itself be seen as a species of pragmatism, as that term is understood …

on realism. When multiple explanatory theories survive initial testing, one derives conflicting predictions. For example …