This four-chapter overview of basic exchange rate theories discusses (i) the elasticity and absorption approach, (ii) the (long-run) implications of the monetary approach, (iii) the short-run effects of monetary and fiscal policy under various economic conditions, and (iv) the transition from...

This four-chapter overview of basic exchange rate theories discusses (i) the elasticity and absorption approach, (ii) the (long-run) implications of the monetary approach, (iii) the short-run effects of monetary and fiscal policy under various economic conditions, and (iv) the transition from...

This four-chapter overview of basic exchange rate theories discusses (i) the elasticity and absorption approach, (ii) the (long-run) implications of the monetary approach, (iii) the short-run effects of monetary and fiscal policy under various economic conditions, and (iv) the transition from...

The fiscal policy may target the achievement of certain different purposes, either of economic or social nature, of the public infrastructure. Fiscal policy is integrant part of the general economic actions of the state, interfering powerful with the sector, budgetary, monetary, social policies,...

The global economic situation suddenly worsened in the fall of 2008 and output expansion was negative almost everywhere for 2009. Fluctuation analysis has shown that most of the financial crises and recessions of the past were triggered and worsened by inadequate monetary policies. For our...

The goal of the construction of a Monetary Conditions Index (MCI) is to analyze boththe interest rate channel and the exchange rate channel. The construction is based on standardopen economy macroeconomic models. MCI is the weighted sum of the change in short-terminterest rate and the exchange...

This paper examines the bank lending channel of monetary policy transmission in Nepal using data during 2003-2012. Using the dynamic Arellano-Bond GMM estimation with annual data of 25 Nepalese commercial banks, this study tries to estimate the loan supply responses of the Nepalese Commercial...

This paper looks at the planned austerity measures in Spain, the rationale for the spending cuts and tax increases, likely outcomes for future debt-to-GDP ratios, and the probable results of alternative policies.

The focus of this paper is to examine potential impacts of fiscal and monetary policies on stock market performance in Poland. Applying the GARCH model and based on a sample during 1999.Q2 to 2012.Q4, this paper finds that Poland’s stock market index is not affected by the ratio of government...

Global economy was significantly affected by the global financial crisis and especially the budget balance of all countries. Sovereign debts cause the lack of stability and the shift of monetary policy. This paper is about the recent evolutions in euro zone and its perspectives. The Euro break...