some of the area's institutional features, which may impart considerable persistence to area-wide inflation, caution … against shifting to conventional inflation targeting. But the time series evidence also seems to point to a relatively loose … connection between variations in nominal money growth and inflation in the short to medium run. As a consequence, effective …

The ECB's objective of medium-term inflation below 2 percent has been portrayed by critics as ambiguous, asymmetric … that: (1) in terms of guiding inflation expectations and policymaking, the current definition has functioned much as would … an inflation target centered on 1 1/2-1 3/4 percent; (2) the absence of a specific (point) target for medium …

inflation factors and the overall forecast risk; in contrast, the bulletin's communication on monetary shocks has a negative …