This paper tests the hypothesis of long-run purchasing power parity (PPP) for all Latin American countries. Those countries share characteristics as high inflation, nominal shocks, and trade openness which might have led to quicker adjustment in relative prices and contributed for PPP to hold....

Monte Carlo studies have shown that estimated asymptotic standard errors of the efficient two-step generalised method of moments (GMM) estimator can be severely downward biased in small samples. The weight matrix used in the calculation of the efficient two-step GMM estimator is based on initial...

One of the oldest and largest literatures in empirical economics is concerned with the estimation of demand and supply of goods, services, and factors across national or subnational borders (see Leamer and Levinsohn, 1995). The respective empirical models specified and estimated are often...

The Climate Change debate has drawn attention to the problem of greenhouse gases emissions into the atmosphere. One of the most important issues in the policy debate is the role that should be played by developing countries in joining the commitment of developed countries to reduce GHG...

The number of studies seeking to empirically characterize the reduced-form relationship between a country economic growth and the quantity of pollutants produced in the process has recently increased significantly. In several cases researchers have found evidence pointing to an inverted-U...

In this paper, we propose a robust approach against heteroskedasticity, error serial correlation and slope heterogeneity for large linear panel data models. First, we establish the asymptotic validity of the Wald test based on the widely used panel heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation...

This paper proposes a generalized panel data model with random effects and first-order spatially autocorrelated residuals that encompasses two previously suggested specifications. The first one is described in Anselin's (1988) book and the second one by Kapoor, Kelejian, and Prucha (2007). Our...

One of the oldest and largest literatures in empirical economics is concerned with the estimation of demand and supply of goods, services, and factors across national or subnational borders (see Leamer and Levinsohn, 1995). The respective empirical models specified and estimated are often...

Monte Carlo studies have shown that estimated asymptotic standard errors of the efficient two-step generalised method of moments (GMM) estimator can be severely downward biased in small samples. The weight matrix used in the calculation of the efficient two-step GMM estimator is based on initial...

In this paper, we propose a robust approach against heteroskedasticity, error serial correlation and slope heterogeneity for large linear panel data models. First, we establish the asymptotic validity of the Wald test based on the widely used panel heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation...