addressing this challenge and providing methods for ethical poverty, welfare, and inequality comparisons with univariate ordered …

, Israel, Poland, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, United States) in different time periods (1999-2012). We find considerable … economies of scale are understated (as is the case when using the 'square root of household size'), the relative poverty …

poverty line, expressed in PPP-adjusted dollars and linked to various rounds of the International Comparison of Prices (ICP …; they also roughly confirm the current shape of the proposed "weakly relative" poverty line. Using the new absolute line … using 2011 PPPs would lead to substantially lower poverty in our estimation. The extent of the decline depends on whether …

We examine vulnerability to poverty in Tajikistan during the global financial crisis, focusing on the roles played by … to estimate a Markov transition probability matrix with the aim of identifying the vulnerability of households to poverty …. Importantly, by introducing the index of vulnerability as the weighted probability of a household falling into poverty over a …