case of a protectionist FDI policy in Indonesia that restricts FDI at the product level. Using a yearly census of …-level productivity. Controlling for an extensive set of fixed effects as well as potential political-economy drivers of regulation, we … experienced a substantial loss in productivity that was concentrated in the sectors most dependent on external finance and …

export transactions. South African firm-level exporting is similar to the stylized facts of firm-level exporting found … exported, but also in terms of the number of products and destinations they export too. These in turn are related to firm …-level characteristics including productivity. …