Nineteenth-century U.S. state prison records contain information on European-American stature. The most commonly mentioned reasons for stature variation were diets, disease, and work effort. The statures of whites were positively associated with direct sunlight. Stature and insolation were...

Using a source of 19th century US state prison records, this study addresses European-American stature variation. The most commonly cited sources for stature variation are diets, disease, and work effort. However, vitamin D is also vital in human statures and health. This paper demonstrates that...

Using a source of 19th century US state prison records, this study addresses European-American stature variation. The most commonly cited sources for stature variation are diets, disease, and work effort. However, vitamin D is also vital in human statures and health. This paper demonstrates that...