The currency board (Convertibility) collapsed between December 2001 and January 2002, after almost 11 years in force. The trends leading to the meltdown continued in the following months, plunging half of the population into poverty and one third into extreme poverty. Only six months later, the...

The real exchange rate is one of the key economic variables determining country’s macroeconomic performance. It reflects international competitiveness of the domestic economy and has a direct impact on country’s export and import development. The equilibrium exchange rate is crucial as it...

The paper analyzes mechanism of adjustment to the asymmetric shocks in terms of trade in possible currency union of Belarus and Russia. It is emphasized the role of real exchange rate in this process. An empirical analysis based on panel data confirms the asymmetric effect of fuel price changes...

Purchasing power parity (PPP) is one of the most important, but empirically controversial theories in international macroeconomics. Although many researchers believe that some variant of PPP holds in the long run, there are diverse empirical results regarding the PPP hypothesis. We examine the...

This paper empirically examines the potential for forming an Optimal Currency Area (OCA) in selected Asian economies, including ASEAN countries, China, Japan and Korea, by testing Generalized Purchasing Power Parity (G-PPP) using Johansen's cointegration approach. We investigate the long-term...

This paper presents a simple model of how a small open economy can undervalue its real exchange rate using its capital account policies. The paper presents several properties of such policies, and proposes a rule of thumb to assess their welfare cost. The model is applied to an analysis of...

In this paper we explore the evidence that would establish that Dutch disease is at work in, or poses a threat to, the Kazakh economy. Assessing the mechanism by which fluctuations in the price of oil can damage non-oil manufacturing—and thus long-term growth prospects in an economy that...

Purchasing power parity (PPP) is one of the most important, but empirically controversial theories in international macroeconomics. Although many researchers believe that some variant of PPP holds in the long run, there are diverse empirical results regarding the PPP hypothesis. We examine the...

Volatile capital flows complicate emerging market economies’ macroeconomic management. This paper demonstrates that financial development helps reduce the impact of non-FDI inflows on real exchange rate appreciation. Using dynamic panel techniques and data from 78 developing economies for the...

The Balassa-Samuelson effect is usually seen as the prime explanation of the continuous real appreciation of central and east European (CEE) transition countries' currencies against their western counterparts. The response of a small country's real exchange rate to various shocks is derived in a...