A crucial question in a supply chain is whether to construct an internet channel in addition to a traditional retail channel. Despite many studies on this issue, little attention has been paid to optimal investment timing for developing the internet channel. To address this gap in the...

As consumer preferences rapidly evolve with respect to health-related attributes of food, many have questioned the performance of the conventional food industry to fulfill new demand. As the structure of the industry has shifted toward conditions where retailers have access to and incentive to...