In this paper, we present and illustrate novel data on more than a century of regulation in Switzerland. We provide … reflected in the annual changes to such regulation from 1908-2013. We measure the stock of regulation by the number of … heterogeneity in the stock of regulation and the amount and development of regulatory activity. Regulatory activity generally …

Some regulation is needed to enhance growth and economic welfare, but too much undermines productivity. Generally, the …

& Immordino (2007), we study the optimal regulation of CRAs in a model where rating quality is unobservable and enforcing … regulation is costly. The model shows that minimum rating standards increase the social value of credit ratings. The model also … analyzes implications for regulation in the presence of conflicts of interest between the CRA and the rated clients by direct …