growth equations by using internal instruments to identify a causal relationship between regulation and growth in the … growth, with the effect of regulation being especially pronounced for countries that have worse regulatory quality and for …The role of regulatory quality as one of the so-called deep determinants of growth has emerged as an important issue in …

This paper studies the effect of pharmaceutical regulation at the wholesale level, if markets are integrated by … parallel trade, i.e. trade outside the manufacturerś authorized distribution channel. In particular, maximum wholesale margins … wholesale margins enhance the manufacturerś ability to reduce competition from parallel trade in the destination country by …

restrictive entry regulation limits the role of entry and exit in local market dynamics and productivity growth. -- Retail trade …Liberalization is widely recognized to drive productivity growth. Retail trade is often thought to substantially … subsectors. A stricter regulation in terms of one fewer approved application in each local market corresponds to an annual …