be eliminated by a government support in the form of credit guarantees or subsidies. The principal-agent model of this … interest rate is not a sufficiently robust policy instrument. Lump-sum guarantees and interest rate subsidies are evaluated as …Credit contracting between a lender with a market power and a small start-up entrepreneur may lead to a rejection of …

Provision of credit guarantees or subsidies may remove an adverse selection leading to credit rationing. This paper … concentrates on comparison of government budget costs of credit guarantees and subsidies in a monopolistic credit market. Different … costs of high-risk entrepreneurs, the budget-cost minimizing government should prefer guarantees over interest rate …

be eliminated by a government support in the form of credit guarantees or subsidies. The principal-agent model of this … interest rate is not a sufficiently robust policy instrument. Lump-sum guarantees and interest rate subsidies are evaluated as …Credit contracting between a lender with a market power and a small start-up entrepreneur may lead to a rejection of …

expected costs of the credit guarantees and subsidies offered by the fund. The theoretical model looks at government …-rate subsidies. With support targeted wholly to disadvantaged farmers, the cost of lump-sum guarantees, proportional guarantees, and … interventions designed to decrease the credit rationing of farmers with high probability of success. The theoretical model shows …

income taxes as well as capital gains taxes and start-up capital subsidies on the volume and quality of venture capital …

with start-up capital subsidies affect the volume and quality of venture capital backed entrepreneurship. …

, progressive taxation as well as investment and output subsidies to the entrepreneurial sector. …

-nationality crews grows at current rates, this would lower shipping subsidies - in 2015 the savings would amount to over 10 million …

their creditworthiness and compare different types of subsidies with indirect subsidization through public banks. We find … that, in a large parameter range, the politician prefers public banks to direct subsidies because they avoid windfall gains … subsidies. One important prerequisite for this result is that public banks must not be allowed to fully compete with private …