Recently, one of the most highly controversial reforms implemented in the Philippines is the trade reform program. It includes tarrification of quantitative restrictions, the simplification of tariff rates structure and the reduction in the tariff protection. This paper discusses the effects of...

To shed light on the difficulties in discussing the issue of protectionism, this study analyzes the overall impact of non-tariff measures (NTM) to the Philippine exports. It also attempts to make an inventory of NTM imposed by United States, Japan and European countries, affecting most, if not...

Part One of the Osaka Action Agenda has clarified the implications of the basic political commitment to free and open trade and investment in the Bogor Declaration and has set out operational guiding principles and a well-developed strategy of implementation. This paper seeks to build on the...

The Philippines does not have a comparative advantage in the domestic production of fertilizer. This is one of the thoughts conveyed by the article as it analyzes the government policies affecting fertilizer prices during the post-war period, with a focus on the policies after 1973. In addition,...

As APEC provides venue for exploiting trade and investment gains in an integrated market, it allows the U.S. to strengthen its ties with the world’s dynamic economies and creates a global policy environment that promotes liberalization. Despite the tremendous benefits, however, the American...

The increased level of economic interaction in the Pacific Rim region has brought with it a corresponding increase in the number of potential trade disputes. This paper describes a conceptual and methodological framework for examining cultural aspects of trade disputes and presents several case...

This study attempts to generate an estimate of import smuggling using Philippine data on import trade. Through the development of microeconomic model, it tries to explain the level of smuggling activity in terms of factors impinging on the trader’s decision to engage in smuggling.

This paper explains why currency movements and trade volumes, while theoretically related, have minimal effect on each other, in practice. In addition, it argues that volatile currency movements and trade deficits are not beneficial in the long run. A separate set of measures on how to deal with...

This study examines the general equilibrium effects of different export promotion policies on imports and production of importables and exportables. Unlike other studies, land as a factor input in the production function has been included. Thus, this article develops a three-factor production...

This article assesses the contribution of Australia’s preferences to generation of employment opportunities in ASEAN region. It also verifies the assumption regarding imports and the extent to which imports from LDCs has affected Australian employment.