We draw on the monthly Survey of Business Uncertainty (SBU) to make three observations about pandemic-era uncertainty … uncertainty at one-year lookahead horizons. That is, the one-year VIX has moved similarly to our survey-based measure of (average …) firm-level subjective uncertainty at one-year forecast horizons. Second, looking within the distribution of beliefs in the …

of uncertainty and complexity contribute to reduce the effectiveness of the European patent system and provide additional …This paper argues that the consequences of the 'fragmentation' of the European patent system are more dramatic than the … mere prohibitive costs of maintaining a patent in force in many jurisdictions. First, detailed analysis of judicial systems …

of uncertainty and complexity contribute to reduce the effectiveness of the European patent system and provide additional …This paper argues that the consequences of the ‘fragmentation’ of the European patent system are more dramatic than the … mere prohibitive costs of maintaining a patent in force in many jurisdictions. First, detailed analysis of judicial systems …

establish a rationale for process innovators who patent. Using a simple two-period model, we show that under myopic op …- timisation, the incentive to patent rather than pursue secrecy increases as the probability that the rival firm attaches to it … period after the patent has expired, falls. However, the gain to the innovating firm from patenting rather than secrecy …

of uncertainty and complexity contribute to reduce the effectiveness of the European patent system and provide additional …This paper argues that the consequences of the ‘fragmentation’ of the European patent system are more dramatic than the … mere prohibitive costs of maintaining a patent in force in many jurisdictions. First, detailed analysis of judicial systems …

This article argues that the consequences of the ‘fragmentation’ of the European patent system are more dramatic than … the mere prohibitive costs of maintaining a patent in force in many jurisdictions. The prevalence of national … induces both a high level of uncertainty and an intense managerial complexity which undoubtedly reduces both the effectiveness …

of behaviors in contexts of action marked by uncertainty. The rule, concept essential of any theory of the action, can be … uncertainty is reduced or largely endogeneized leads to giving it a more marked prescriptive character in the form of procedure …