uncertainty with respect to the timing and the size of an adverse weather shock. We subsequently calibrate the model to match the …

We give the reader a tour of good energy optimization models that explicitly deal with uncertainty. The uncertainty … usually stems from unpredictability of demand and/or prices of energy, or from resource availability and prices. Since most … energy investments or operations involve irreversible decisions, a stochastic programming approach is meaningful. Many of the …

uncertainty. From this follows that efficient adoption is characterized by prolonged coexistence of alternative technologies and … that uncertainty increasingly propagates from input to output market despite the declining use of the volatile factor in …