increasing unemployment. A key question is which policies have this effect. Using a 3-year panel of 90 countries, the study finds … that the unemployment rate is affected by the existence, duration, and replacement rate of unemployment insurance. Hiring … unemployment. These results are broadly in line with the extensive literature on countries of the Organisation for Economic Co …

We develop a model of directed technological change, frictional unemployment and migration to examine the effects of a …, an increase in the skill ratio can reduce the relative unemployment rate of skilled workers and decrease the relative …

globe. A robust finding in these studies is the positive association between unemployment rates and the size of the … unemployment that features decreasing returns to unofficial activities and congestion effects in job searching, we conjecture a … long-run equilibrium relationship between unemployment and the size of the shadow economy. Our empirical model lends strong …