performance and the macroeconomic implications of remittances. It then looks at the sustainability of pension systems, financial …

highlights that the public pension for a single person is equal to 70 percent of the (statutory) minimum wage. The minimum wage … and public pensions thus move in lock-step; they are both by law indexed to contract wages in the private sector. This …This Selected Issues paper examines the long-term issues with pension expenditures in the Netherlands. The paper …

This Selected Issues paper reviews developments during 2001–02 in the Belarusian pension system, and discusses … potential short- and medium-term reforms needed to put pension system finances on a sustainable path. The paper presents a short … overview of demographic trends and developments in Belarus and their impact on the pension system. It discusses the financial …

Pension reform is high on the policy agenda of many advanced and emerging market economies. In advanced economies the … challenge is generally to contain future increases in public pension spending as the population ages. In emerging market … economies, the challenges are often different. Where pension coverage is extensive, the issues are similar to those in advanced …

the fiscal consequences of aging will require increasing the retirement age to 65 years, followed by further increases to …

This Selected Issues paper on Chile assesses the long-term outlook of Chile’s private pension system. The paper …

it is generally successful in explaining bilateral financial flows. If the pension gap were to be financed through the …

), particularly for the low-income and older individuals. Using simulations of tax and social benefits and public pensions, the paper … shows how the current tax, welfare, and pension systems create disincentives to work among these groups. The paper finds … that incentives to retire early are strong for men, especially low-wage earners. The marginal effective tax rates also make …