This article discusses the valuation and hedging of volatility swaps within the frame of a GARCH (1,1) stochastic volatility model. First we use a general and flexible partial differential equation (PDE) approach to determine the first two moments of the realized variance in a continuous or...

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explain the Black–Scholes model with minimal technical requirements and to illustrate its impact from a business perspective. Design/methodology/approach: The paper employs simple accounting concepts and an argument part based on business need....

The passport option is a call option on the balance of a trading account. The option holder retains the gain from trading, while the writer is liable for the loss. Multi-asset passport options and passport options with discrete constraints are studied. For the first ones the pricing equations...