We argue for a new approach to examining the relationship between tariffs and growth. We demonstrate that more can be learned from time series analyses of the experience of individual countries rather than the usual panel data approach, which imposes a causal relation and presents an average...

After 1870, and long before the rise of the Asian Tigers and the group of emerging economies of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, industrial output grew fast enough in the poor periphery to achieve unconditional convergence on the industrial leaders. The Philippines was part of the...

The study attempts to identify the dynamic relationship between trade, income growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions for Pakistan. Johansen's Cointegration procedure has been employed to estimate the coefficients of the Cointegrated Vector Autoregressive model. The results reveal that...

The study attempts to identify the dynamic relationship between trade, income growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions for Pakistan. Johansen’s Cointegration procedure has been employed to estimate the coefficients of the Cointegrated Vector Autoregressive model. The results reveal that...

Canada's trade policy at the end of the 19th century is commonly viewed as protectionist and extremely costly. In this paper, we employ the AndersonNeary Trade Restrictiveness Index to reexamine this view. Based on productlevel customs data, we show that Canadian trade policy between 1870 and...

Motivated by theoretical arguments (see e.g. Romer (2010) and Mokyr (2008)) that assert a positive impact of institutions on R&D, this paper aims to provide some empirical analysis on the relationship between the two variables. In particular, using a core sample of 98 countries over the period...

We take up again the famous case of the trade in wheat between the United States and the United Kingdom. This is often used to illustrate the so-called first era of globalization at the end of the nineteenth century. This study, however, finds evidence of transatlantic commodity market...

The study aimed to empirically analyse GCC's trade patterns based on the gravity model. Gravity model is derived from physics and is used to explain the bilateral flow of trade determined by GDP per capita, population, and distance. It is assumed that trade flow between the two countries is...

This article argues that climate change effects have sharpened the least developed countries’ (LDCs) need to move towards a green economy. As respective markets tend to grow, the LDCs would benefit if the production of and research in renewable energy (RE) especially wind and solar energy...

The study aimed to empirically analyse GCC’s trade patterns based on the gravity model. Gravity model is derived from physics and is used to explain the bilateral flow of trade determined by GDP per capita, population, and distance. It is assumed that trade flow between the two countries is...