Patients as consumers are assuming a more active role in their medical care decision-making, which has been prompted by better access to medical information. Patient use of medical information may affect physician practice incentives to provide care, which critically depends on the agency...

From David Ricardo making a fortune buying British government bonds on the eve of the Battle of Waterloo to Warren Buffett selling insurance to the California earthquake authority, the wisest investors have earned extraordinary returns by investing in the unknown and the unknowable (UU). But...