There is a substantial literature which suggests that appraisals are smoothed and lag the true level of prices. This study combines a qualitative interview survey of the leading fund manager/owners in the UK and their appraisers with a empirical study of the number of appraisals which change...

We examine the short-run and long-run price reaction of equity real estate investment trust (REIT) shares following credit rating actions, testing the transparency of the REIT structure. Generally, the economic effect on the stock price is subdued for both upgrades and downgrades compared to...

We investigate long-term cointegrative and short-term causal relations among seven U.S. sectoral REITs. First, cointegration tests identify one long-term cointegrative relation among five of the sectors, which suggests that two of the sectors are outside the cointegrative space. Second,...