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[fre] Démonétisation en Russie. Un arbitrage favorable au maintien de l'emploi. . La démonétisation de l'économie russe est le produit d'une politique monétaire restrictive conjuguée au maintien de la contrainte budgétaire douce. L'État, qui autorise les arriérés fiscaux ou...
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[fre] Le troc en Russie est engendré par une contrainte de liquidité qui diffère selon la situation économique des entreprises. Pour celles dont la situation financière est relativement bonne mais qui sont confrontées à des problèmes d'anti-sélection et n'ont pas accès au crédit...
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The increase in non-monetary payments in Russia is the output of both a tight monetary policy and the persistence of the soft budget constraint. The State, by allowing fiscal arrears and in-kind payments, and the enterprises, by using wage arrears as a way of accommodating the budget constraint,...
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This paper is based on a 1996 industrial survey of 420 Russian firms' actual position, as opposed to their expectations and declared intentions. Factor analysis and ordered Probit techniques are used to test relationships between the various responses. The main conclusions are: 1) profit depends...
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