long run but, it increases unemployment in short run. Moreover, urbanization is increasing unemployment.This study opens up … unemployment in Pakistan for the period of 1973-2010. The Johansen cointegration approach is applied for long run relationship …. Empirical findings reveal that financial development does reduce unemployment. Foreign direct investment reduces unemployment in …

This paper examines the interrelations between self-employment and unemployment rates for Spain in the period 1972 … Stel and Thurik (2005) to Spain. The divergence between predicted and actual unemployment levels in Spain are explained by … industrial structure is characterized by a relatively high and fluctuating unemployment level and a relatively high and stable …

from a regional perspective, and relates it to the urbanization rates and the urban concentration. Using the case of the …

In recent years under the trendof a global recession andd omestic structural change, the unemployment rate in Taiwan … has reacheda recordhigh of above 5% which in turn has generateda series of social problems. Unemployment has now become … unemployment rate among 23 cities andprefectures; moreover, this differentiation seems to persist over time. We analyze this …

The focus of our study is on determining whether unemployment rates in 8 New Industrialized Economies conform to the … findings and confirms hysteresis in all unemployment rates except for Asian economies/countries of Thailand and the Philippines. …