productivity and employment growth across groups of countries within Europe. Throughout the postwar era until 1995 labor … employment per capita, leaving little difference in growth of output per capita between the EU and US going back to 1980. We … document the productivity-employment tradeoff in the raw data, in regressions that control for the two-way causation between …

excessively high and their employment excessively low. These inefficiencies are usually magnified through unemployment benefit … systems. This paper examines how these problems can be tackled through "employment vouchers," i.e. hiring subsidies or tax …. The employment vouchers considered here reduce unemployment and impose no cost on the government, since they are financed …

impact on the employment situation but, in relation with the fall of the production, the observed destructions of jobs were … layoffs. Lastly, they could reduce volume of internal employment, but with less serious consequences for the stable contract … same which knows more the precarious employment, the underemployment and the recurrent unemployment. Moreover, one observes …

The responses of working hours and employment levels to temporary negative demand shocks like those caused by the Great …' desired rises in working hours in times of recession also serve to modify the standard measure of unemployment. During Covid …

employment and unemployment. However, it can be seriously misleading to ignore the interrelated behavior of hours worked ….Work hours can be altered relatively speedily and flexibly, and this strongly relates to employment, labor productivity, and … unemployment outcomes. The hours–employment distinction is especially important in the evaluation of the performances of European …