agreement? The results have shown that the relationship between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the United States of America …

This paper investigates whether sanctions imposed in the wake of the Ukraine crisis by Western countries and Russia … related to the detection of illicit trade, I find that goods facing sanctions imposed by the Russian government in particular … have most likely been evaded. While the detected amounts do not question the general effectiveness of the sanctions, they …

How was life expectancy in Iran affected by the Islamic Revolution and subsequent war with Iraq? This study examines … the joint effect of regime change and the war against Iraq on life expectancy in Iran between 1978 and 1988. If there had … been no revolution and war in Iran, how would the life expectancy of Iranians have developed? To answer this question, we …

This study is an empirical attempt to find out whether under sanctions Iran's trade direction has shifted away from … significant negative effect of sanctions on Iran-EU bilateral trade (by an average of 46.9%), while it has a positive impact on … various sanctions related to Iran's nuclear program has pushed the country's foreign trade to reorient away from Europe …