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The present paper provides an overview on current developments of cash usage and issue of central bank digital currency … (CBDC) in the euro area and proposes a possible design of a digital euro that allows for instant offline payments. Cash … regulations and supply-side restrictions by commercial banks. Nonetheless, overall demand for euro cash remained strong and even …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014523455
As in many developing economies, cash is still widely used in Colombia, even among merchants who accept payment cards …. Indeed, 60% of these merchants use dissuasive strategies to make their clients pay with cash. This paper presents estimates … paid with cash or cards. We find the estimates are far below the rates that the industry charges because of the low …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014375481
Knowing the part of currency in circulation that is used for transactions is important information for a central bank. For several countries, the share of banknotes that is hoarded or circulates abroad is sizeable, which may be particularly relevant for large-denomination banknotes. We analyze...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012137979
We analyze the repercussions of different kinds of uncertainty on cash demand, including uncertainty of cashless … on a comprehensive literature survey and complemented by case studies, we derive a classification scheme how cash … domestic and international cash as well as between transaction and store of value balances. Hereby, we focus on the stabilizing …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015078272
The present paper provides an overview on current developments of cash usage and issue of central bank digital currency … (CBDC) in the euro area and proposes a possible design of a digital euro that allows for instant offline payments. Cash … regulations and supply-side restrictions by commercial banks. Nonetheless, overall demand for euro cash remained strong and even …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014518599
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012792634
The study explores the factors likely to induce Polish customers to pay by cash, instead of payment cards, for goods …; then, in the second stage, the OLS model is employed to analyze the propensity to pay by cash, despite having a payment … in diary studies. Furthermore, we show that instances of merchants' refusal to accept cash significantly impacted payment …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014515029
cash holding. To do this, we use the new data for Poland and review original datasets from Bates et al. [2009] for the U ….S. We find no trace of a trend for Poland and believe most trends for the U.S. come from the cash piling toward the end of … the sample period. At best, the U.S. trend applies merely to small firms. We believe cash holding is a period …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014476839
In this paper we develop a model where agents can acquire goods using cash and two non-cash alternatives. We use it to … other means of payments (cash and cards) and leads to a fast switch towards cheaper electronic transactions. Our analysis …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011048752
is paid to the introduction of the new European single currency. The overall trend in payments is for a move from cash to … non-cash payment instruments, although electronic instruments are not widely used yet. We find a significant impact from …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004981459